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Medicanet 
conditions and treatments
diabetes
types of diabetes
Type 2 Diabetes |
Type 2 DiabetesType 2 diabetes is the most common form of diabetes in which the body doesn’t react to insulin in the right manner.
It is a chronic life-long disease and is seen mainly in the older age group of people.
In Type 2 diabetes, the insulin does not transform glucose into energy. Thus, the blood sugar level rises causing ‘hyperglycemia’. When the pancreas sense that the insulin is not being utilized to produce energy, it produces even more insulin. At this stage, the cells of the body react to the insulin with high resistance.
So the body ends up having more glucose and more insulin than before.
Symptoms of Type 2 Diabetes
The symptoms of diabetes type 2 are also same such as frequent urination, excessive thirst and hunger, fatigue, blurred vision, impotency in men. Also, the infections or injuries in a diabetes type ii person are healed slowly.
Obese people have high risk to type 2 diabetes. The fats get accumulated in the body leading to high cholesterol leading to high risk to cardiovascular diseases.. If there is a family history / heredity of type two diabetes, then there is a greater risk of contracting the same.
Unhealthy and poor diet, low metabolism/ activity levels, growing age (after 45 years) and High Blood Pressure are the other risk factors of type two diabetes.
Diabetes type 2 is diagnosed through Fasting blood glucose test when the sugar level is equal to or more than 126 mg/dL. In Non-fasting blood glucose level when the sugar level is more than 200 mg/dL. It is better to confirm the same by doing a fasting blood glucose test. In case of Oral glucose tolerance test when the sugar level is more than 200 mg/dL two hours after doing the test, type ii diabetes is diagnosed.
Diet and weight maintenance are the key factors for type 2 diabetes people.
Diabetes type 2 patients must eat the right amount of food and be regular in the meal timings. A dietician should be consulted and the food should be balanced in terms of carbohydrates, protein, vitamins and fats. Excess calories are burnt, cholesterol level reduces, high blood pressure decreases due to regular exercise. Type 2 diabetes people should learn to test their blood glucose levels using a glucometer.
This helps to be alert of the sugar levels constantly and makes one aware of which meals/ food items cause trouble. So the diet plan can be adjusted accordingly. One should take the medication as prescribed by the doctors to maintain the glucose levels. The medicines generally prescribed are oral medicines.
In extreme cases of type 2 diabetes, insulin may be injected under the skin. Special care to be taken in case of any injuries / infections especially of the foot. Keep the feet clean, dry and use comfortable shoes. Also, it is important to daily check the feet to see that nothing goes unnoticed. Take immediate action to cure any infection/ injury. |
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