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Communicable diseases are those that are infectious and hence, easily transmitted. Tuberculosis, cholera, malaria are examples of such diseases. The mode of transmission for such diseases differs.
For example, malaria is a blood-borne disease and is spread by mosquitoes. Now mosquitoes breed in warm damp areas - areas usually associated with filth. In effect, dirty unkempt surroundings do play a role in harboring the germs and the carriers of malaria.
Hygiene is of paramount importance in dealing with such diseases. Also, a well-balanced diet that incorporates the right amount of every type of essential nutrient is also needed. Proper eating habits also must be inculcated.
Then there are communicable diseases such as gonohorrea, syphilis, etc, that are sexually transmitted. The treatment for sexually transmitted diseases is rather tedious and a number of precautions need to be taken. The best precaution is of course to abstain from sex. And the best preventive measure is to stick to just one partner.
Non-communicable diseases are those that are not infectious and you do not run the risk of being infected if you sit next to the carrier of the disease or if you share the same towel or plate. Examples of such diseases are cancer, hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Usually, non-communicable diseases are hereditary. A person might suffer from diseases due to genetic factors or lifestyle factors. For example, diseases such as Hemophilia A and Duchenne muscular dystrophy, are known to be genetically linked. They are caused due to X-linked recessive disorders that occur because of mutations effected on the X chromosome. On the other hand, a disease such as depression is a result of a lifestyle gone haywire. Too much work pressure, lack of time for any kind of social involvement are some of the causes for depression. Some other known non-communicable diseases are obesity, acne, and chronic renal failure.
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