Hemoglobin generally referred to as “Hb” is an oxygen carrying protein present in the red blood cells. Hemoglobin refers to a crystallisable and conjugated protein which consists of a pigment containing iron that is called hematin and globin, which is a protein. The oxygen is carried to the various body parts, and hemoglobin is responsible for transporting the oxygen. Therefore if the level of Hb in the body is less, various organs will be deprived of their share of oxygen and normal functioning of the body is affected. Fatigue is the most common symptom for a person having low Hb. People with low hemoglobin count tend to get tired easily as they do not get enough oxygen to perform their activities. Shortness of breath, and heart related diseases are associated with a low hemoglobin count in people.
Defects in production of hemoglobin could either be genetic in their origin or they may be acquired. The shortage of red blood cells is also known to cause anemia which is a common condition, and results also from reduction in the level of hemoglobin. If the hemoglobin content of less than 12 grams/100ml blood is found in women, and a level of less than 13.5 grams/100 ml is found in men, they are diagnosed as suffering from anemia and are said to have a low hemoglobin count. Also Iron deficiency anemia is results from the shortage of iron in the body. Iron is necessary when it comes to the production of hemoglobin. Loss of blood in any form either a wound like in an accident or through some bleeding ulcer causes this shortage. Bone marrow problems, suppression due to chemotherapy and kidney failure also cause shortage of hemoglobin.
Thalassemia is also a hereditary condition that is associated with hemoglobin deficiency. Failure of the body to make molecules of globulin may lead to a compensatory mechanism to make other less compatible globulin molecules. Severity of these conditions is directly linked to the rate of under production of the globulin.
A diet rich in iron would be very helpful in treating iron deficiency as also would reduce the need for unnecessary intake of iron supplements. However the use of supplements would be necessary if prescribed by the doctor. Foods with high iron content include Oysters, shrimp and sardines; red meats; beans and dried peas; dark green, leafy vegetables; whole grains; iron-enriched cereals; dried apricots; prunes and raisins. A balanced diet which includes most of the above mentioned foods will go a long way in treating and preventing a low hemoglobin count and should be incorporated by everyone.