It is important to consult a health care professional while formulating a personal diet plan for patients suffering from rectal cancer. This is because treatment for rectal cancer affects the digestive system, thereby leading to dietary restrictions. Special care needs to be taken in cases where a part of the rectum has been removed.
A special diet is required after surgery for rectal cancer. This diet is known as a low residue diet and it gives the rectum time to heal. It consists of foods that have low- fiber content and are easily digestible, generating minimal solid wastes.
For several days after surgery, intravenous nutrition is given to minimize the production of solid wastes. It is recommended to start solid foods in the form of broths and soups once the initial waiting period has passed. Gradually, soft solids like yogurt, sticky rice, bananas and toast can then be introduced. A low residue diet is much more effective as compared to a simple low fiber diet. Some of the other foods that can be included in a low residue diet are:
Other foods can be gradually introduced once the rectum has healed completely, but certain kinds of foods should still be avoided. Protein intake should be limited. Meat should be well cooked and tender, but it should be consumed in very small amounts. Processed meats like bacon, sausages, hot dogs and bologna should be avoided completely as should high fat meats. Instead, dairy products like low fat milk and cottage cheese, fish and eggs can serve as alternate sources of proteins. The National Cancer Institute also recommends chicken and turkey as low fat sources of proteins. Meal replacement drinks are another way to add proteins and other nutrients to the diet.
Proper nutrition plays an important role in recovery from treatment for rectal cancer. The American Cancer Society guidelines suggest substituting white flour products with whole grain foods such as whole grain breads and pastas. Five or more servings of fruits and vegetables every day can also help prevent a recurrence of rectal cancer.
Your nutritionist or health care professional will help you to formulate an appropriate diet plan.