Birth Control

Birth control is the technique, by which pregnancy is prevented by using contraceptive method.



It blocks or inhibits the fertilization or ovulation process. Emergency birth control methods are available in the present day under two categories, namely, emergency contraceptive pills and intrauterine devices. Plan B is such a product, marketed, that has been approved by the FDA. This tablet is consumed, within three days of intercourse. Twelve hours after the initial intake, the second tablet is taken.



Around eight per cent of those with unprotected sex become pregnant. This probability is reduced post consumption of the emergency pill.

Headache, nausea, abdominal pain, menstrual changes and fatigue are the commonly associated symptoms of birth control pills.  Prescription is required for an emergency contraceptive pill.  Emergency contraception comprises of the second method, which is copper IUD. Around 99 per cent success rate is associated with this technique. It can be used as an alternative for birth control pills on the longer run.



It can either be removed after the menstrual cycle or as a preventive measure for controlling birth. The cervical cap is an useful method available for a physician’s prescription. It is a rubber cap that is placed over the cervix. to prevent entry of sperm into the uterus and its mergence with the egg.

Movement of the cervical cap during intercourse or improper placement of the cap from the cervix results in failure of this method.



The shape of the cervix changes position after the birth of a child. Vaginal irritation or infection is common due to the spermicide that is placed on the cap. Toxic shock syndrome on continuous usage and urinary tract infection are seen to a great extent. Protection against sexually transmitted diseases is not provided by the cervical caps.

The diaphragm is a cap of rubber with a pliable rim.



It is dome shaped and is placed into the vagina. It is positioned in such a way that one end is behind the cervix, whereas the other end is next to the pelvic bone. The effectiveness rate of a diaphragm with the applied spermicides is around eighty four per cent and is reusable, providing protection from sexually transmitted diseases (STD). The sponge is a substance made from polyurethane foam. It is a soft device that is disc shaped and fits well into a woman’s cervix..



Spermicides are released for almost a day from insertion and thus the semen is annihilated. Soreness, irritation and vaginal dryness is common by usage of sponge. STD is not prevented.

Inactivation of sperm during its entrance into the uterus is done by a spermicide. They are available in multitude forms namely, tablet, gel, suppository, foam, cream and vaginal contraceptive film. They fail to provide protection from HIV/AIDS and other STDs. Certain methods remain unsuitable for specific individuals and a physician’s guidance is recommended.