Symptoms of Perimenopause

The period of transition from normal menstruation to menopause (no periods at all) is known as perimenopause. This period of transition typically extends over eight to ten years. During this period, many women experience multiple perimenopausal or menopausal symptoms; there are also some women who do not experience any symptoms whatsoever.

Menopause is the cessation of ovulation. Simply put, it is the time when the ovaries cease to release eggs. Menopause is said to be reached when it has been 12 months since the last period. During perimenopause, the estrogen level in the body rise and fall, eventually declining only in the last two year of perimenopause. The menstrual cycles tend to shorten or lengthen, and not all of them accompany ovulation. While the time at which perimenopause begins and the duration that it lasts varies among women, there are some signs and symptoms that can help you determine your condition. Remember that perimenopause often begins around the age of 40, leading to actual menopause around the age of 50. Some women, however, begin perimenopause as early as mid-30s.

While most women seek medical attention when the symptoms are severe; there are others who simply do not undergo any symptoms. The symptoms are often subtle and begin gradually; they are often a direct result of the fluctuating and declining estrogen and progesterone levels. Note that it is always preferable to consult a doctor, regardless of the severity of the symptoms.

The symptoms of perimenopause are as follows:

• Hot flashes. Often women experience hot flashes during perimenopause. Again, the severity and duration vary.
• Sleep disruption. Some women also experience difficulty in sleeping. However, this is often a result of night sweat and hot flashes, rather than hormonal imbalances.
• Mood swings. Irritability, depression, and mood swings are also symptoms of perimenopause. These symptoms are most often a result of sleep disruption.
• Irregular menstruation. Since during perimenopause ovulation becomes erratic, intervals between periods may vary. In fact, periods may be longer or shorter, and the flow may be light to heavy.
• Vaginal dryness. Since estrogen levels decrease during perimenopause, there is loss of lubrication and elasticity in the vaginal tissue. This could sometimes lead to painful intercourse.
• Vaginal and bladder infections. Reduced estrogen levels also make you vulnerable to vaginal and urinary infections. Sometimes, tissue loss may result in urinary incontinence.
• Decreased fertility. Since not every period is accompanied by ovulation, the ability to conceive is diminished.
• Reduced sexual drive. During perimenopause, some women may experience reduced sexual arousal.
• Other symptoms include breast tenderness or soreness, fatigue and tiredness, and intense premenstrual syndrome.