Low Blood Cell Count - Causes, Symptoms, Effects
Low Blood Cell Count or Myelosuppression is an overall suppression of the blood cells. Blood cells comprise of red blood cells, white blood cells which include neutrophilis and lymphocytes which are produced in the bone marrow. Low blood count is often a result of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Also forms of cancer, allergic disorders, and some types of infections, deficiencies of folic acid and vitamin B12 and hereditary diseases are some of the causes of a low blood cell count.
While Myelosuppression is the reduction in production of blood cells, individual reduction of white blood cells (Leukopenia) or Red blood cells (Anemia) or of reduction in the number of platelets (Thrombocytopenia) may also occur. What many chemotherapy drugs do is temporarily stop cells from dividing, especially the cells that divide quickly. Blood cells; red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets are made by the bone marrow all of which divide quickly. Chemotherapy although essential in treatment of certain conditions may lead to low blood counts, causing the possibility of a variety of symptoms. However the symptoms depend on the type of low blood cell count.
For instance if the Red Blood Cell count is low weakness, fatigue, shortness of breath and increased heart rate occur. While a low white blood cell count would result in redness, swelling, pus formation and cough. Low blood platelet count may cause increased bruising, bleeding from the nose, gums and also the rectum.
Practicing good hygiene, well balanced and nutritious diet which includes protein and vitamins, stress free living, enough sleep and moderate exercise are most important to persons having a low blood count or a recovering immune system. Also it is important to consume non-caffeinated and non-alcoholic fluids. Most activities that enhance or help improve the body’s basic immune structure will help prevent infections.
Care must also be taken to avoid raw or undercooked eggs and also mayonnaise. Avoid undercooked meats, fish or poultry, and unpasteurized dairy products. Any food items should be washed thoroughly before eating. Cross contamination of food like raw meat coming in contact with other food should be avoided. Sufficient hygiene must be practiced in the kitchen while using knives, cutters and other utensils. If you have a low white blood cell count, avoid sharing eating or drinking utensils like plates and glasses with others. Children should also be taken care of and cautioned about the above mentioned habits. Also consulting a health care professional about your medical condition is recommended.
