Individuals with diabetes or pre-diabetes are at an elevated risk for developing cardiovascular disease. One can lower this risk by regulating blood glucose levels, blood cholesterol and blood pressure. This can be achieved by making dietary changes, exercising regularly and taking the prescribed medications.


  If one has already experienced a heart attack or stroke, taking the proper care will help to prevent complications from occurring in the future.

Diabetes is a metabolic disorder. Metabolism refers to the manner in which the food we consume is used for energy.


A large part of this food is processed into glucose, which is a simple sugar. It is mainly from glucose that the body derives its energy. Once the food is digested, the glucose is passed into the bloodstream. It then reaches the cells of the body which use it for energy. In order for the glucose to reach the cells, a hormone known as insulin is required. Insulin is produced by a gland called the pancreas. In normal circumstances, the pancreas is able to produce the required level of insulin which helps the glucose pass from the blood to the cells. But in those affected by diabetes, the pancreas is not able to perform this function properly or the cells in the liver, muscles and fat are unable to utilize the insulin properly. This leads to a buildup of glucose in the blood, thereby starving the cells of energy. In course of time, high blood glucose levels can would cause damage to the blood vessels and nerves. The possibility of heart disease and stroke also increases. Other complications include kidney failure and vision loss.
 
By making certain alterations to one’s diet and lifestyle, the risk of cardiovascular disease can be lowered. The diet must be regulated such that it is heart-healthy. This means incorporating high-fiber foods into the diet such as oatmeal, whole grains and dried beans. These help to reduce cholesterol levels. Intake of saturated fats must be restricted and hence foods such as red meats, dairy products and tropical oils must be avoided. Physical activity must be performed for at least 30 minutes every day. Once can discuss an appropriate exercise regime with a doctor. It is important to achieve and maintain healthy body weight. Harmful habits such as smoking and alcohol consumption must also be avoided. Many people take aspirin daily in order to lower the risk of heart disease. But this may not be safe for all and hence it is important to discuss with a these medications with your doctor before doing so.